Clip for securing hair to wavers



' E. G. UNGER CLIP FOR SECURING HAIR T0 WAVERS Filed Oct. 23, 1923 INVENTOR ATTORNEY Patented Get. 27, 1925.

urrso STATES ERNEST G UNGER, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

CLIP FOR SECURING HAIR TO 'WA'VERS.

Application filed flctobe'r 23, 1923. Serial No. 670,253.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Enuns'r G. UNoEu, a citizen of the United States, and resident of New York city, in the county of Kings and 8 State of New York, have invented certain new and useful lmprovements iuClips for Securing Hair to W avers, of which the following is a specification.

The invention relates in general to an improved means for enclosing a strand of coiled hair incidental to the practicing of the art of permanent hair waving and the invention specifically relates to improved means for securing the hair to the curling rod and for closing one end of the tube usually employed in this art.

In practicing the'art of permanent hair waving it is usual to coil a strand of hair on a curling rod, to tie or clamp the hair as to the rod, to saturate or wet the hair with water or some hair treating substance, to"in-.

' sort the wet coiled hair in a paper or metal tube and to close the tube prior to the insert ing thereon of the usual electric heater,

It is a usual practice to tie the hair strand to the metal curling rod with a piece of string although several forms of hair clamping devices have been sugested in the patent art. When a paper tube is used the ends so are wetted to soften the same and the wet end of the tube is crimped together and tied to the contained strand and this end of the tuw closed usually by wrapping a string tightly about the tube. Nhen a metal tube is used the hair is first secured to the rod, in-- sorted in the tube which is then closed at the end adjacent the head usually by some kind of a split shield or by stuiling cotton intolthe end about the hair. Mounting the hair'in-the tubes using any of these known securing means is slow and tedious, involves a multiplicity of tying and fastening operations and necessitates the employment of assistants skilled in these operations.

Accordingly, the primary object of the in vention is to provide a simplified means for quickly and positively securing the hair" to the curling rod and to close the end of the hair containing tube adjacentthe scalp, quickly and without necessity of an involved tying operation or of mounting fastening closures into position.

Another object of the invention is to provide-a combined tube closure and hair strand fastening device which will permit a quick demounting of the tube-and its closure at the termination of the heating treatment or where a quick exposure of the hair is necessary due to overheating or to other accidents.

WVhen used'in connection with the usual paper tube the invention features a form of closure which will eliminate the necessity of wetting the tube with its resulting dropping of hot water on'the person under treatment, and which will at the same time insure the retention within the tube of the steam or fumes used in treating the hair.

Still another object of the invention is to provide a form of closure which can be easily and cheaply constructed so as-to compete with the market prices of the tying and other fastening constructions now in general use.

Broadly, I attain the invention by stamping from thin sheet spring metal a closin cap which is split across its center and in its tendency to expand provides a "frictional tight fit in the hair containing tube and the,

split parts of which constitute clamping jaws for securing the hair strand to the enclosed curling rod. I

Various other objects and advantages of the invention will be in part obvious from an inspection of the accompanying drawings and in part will be more fully set forth in the following particular description of one form of mechanism embodying my invention, and the invention also consists in certain new and novel features of construction and combination of parts hereinafter set forth and claimed.

in the accompanying drawings:-

Figure 1 is a view in axial section of a strand of hair coiled on a rod and both enclosed in a tube at one end of which is mounted a closure constituting a preferred embodiment of the invention;

Figures 2 to l, inclusive, are perspective.

views of the end of the construction adjacent the head showing succeeding steps of mounting the parts in place; 1

Figures 5 and 6 are perspective views of the closure cap demounted from its position in the tube; Figure 5 showing the cap in its normal open position and Figure 6 showing the parts thereof pressed together into its closed hair clamping position;

Figures 7 and 8 are views of a modified form of closing cap; Figure 7 being a view in end elevation and Figure 8 being a view in side elevation;

sprung apart. from a circular position.

Figure 9 is a View in axial section of another modified form; and

Figure 10 is still another modified form.

In the following description and in the claims, parts will names for convenience of expression but they are intended to be as generic in their appli-'-' cation to similar parts as the art will perinit.

In the drawings there is shown a curling rod 10 on which is coiled a strand 11 of hair. The strand is wrapped with a prepared pad 12 usually a layer of absorbent material, 'with gauze facing. The wrapped hair is preferably wet with water or with some of the hair treating substances usually employed in the art ol permanent hair waving. lhc hair so treated is positioned in a tube 13 which is usually cylindrical in form, opened at opposite ends, and which may be either the usual paper tube or it may be a metal tube.

The end ll of the tube which is positioned adiacent the head of the person under treatment is closed by means of a cup shaped evlin'drical cap 15. a

I As will be seen from the showing in Figures and '6 the cap is formed of a onepiece thin sheet metal stamping and is formed of spring metal With the outlining flange or hand normally distorted as shown in Figure 5 from a cylindrical fit in the end of the tube. The closure proper or bottom of the cylindrical cup is formedo't a pair ol' llal plates in and 17 each semi-c rcular in plan and disposed inthe same or ad acent planes so that they can be inovedonto mutually lapping relation when in POSltiQlt closing the tube. The curved edges l8 ol lhcsc plates are secured lo one cdgeot the outlining flange which is in the form ot a split band, the edges of which are normally It will be understoodfrom this construction that the band can be collapsed towards its circular position shown in Figure 6; is inserted in the end of the tube, and, when released. the resiliency oi the band will cause the same to expand outward into frictional engagement with the inner face of the tube as shown in Figure l.

'lhcse plates are each provided with a semi-circular recess 20 positioned centrally in their adjacent straight edges 2 and court when the platcs are closed to provide an zillt'l'l are 22 through which the strand of hair is passedwhen the closure is disposed in position in the tube. The plates 16 and 17 maybe regarded as a pair of spring jaws movable edgewise either to clamp the hair strand directly to and about the curling rod or to clamp the hair close to the end of the curling rod but to the outside of the same as shown in Figure 1,. In either case there is he identified by specific eliminated the iisual tying of the strand to the rod by strings or other separate fasten ing means.

' in order to prevent any leakage from the tube through the aperture, in thosecascs where water or hair treating material is used on the hair, it is suggested that a pad or layer of absorbent material :33 be positioned in the cap to form a packing or this space within the cap may be utilized as a steam space. lreterably this layer is positioned at the end of the hair curl prior to inserting the cap in position as suggested in the showing in Figure 3.

ln the modified form shown in Figures 5 and 6, the rear plates 16 and l? are hingedly connected oy nieans of a pivot pin 24c instead or depending on the connection provided by the spring band 22) shown in the preceding ligures. The two halves of the cap so connected are conveniently moved to and from open and closed position by finger pieces 25 and 26 extending radially respectively from the plates 16 and 17. in order to show an aperture differing from the aperture 22, this modified form. and the form illustrated in Figure 10 are utilized to disclose an aperture having a serrated edge :27. In the hinged forms, or course, the parts have no particular tend cncy to spring outwardly into engagement with the enclosing Lube. in order to insure a positive engagement between the hinge-d cap and tube, the cap parts are so designed that when inelosed position as shown in Figures 8 and .10, the cap is frustoconical. in other words the outlining band is tapered as shown in Figure 8. in the form shown in Figures 9 and lo the sides are corrugated as shown at 30 (Fig. 9) to insure line contacts with the enclosing tube.

in operation it will lU' unders ood thatthe hair strand is coiled on the cur ing rod; may be passed through a split end of the rod but it is not necessarily fastened to the rod. The pad is wrapped about the hair following conventional practices and the packing layer is wrapped about the end. One 01 the cap closures while in open po sition is passed laterally across the strand close to the head. By pinching together the opposite sides of the band the recesses 20 engageopposite sides of the strand and pinch the same together as herein illustrated or it may encircle the end of the rod to clamp the hair thereto. lVhen the spring l'orin ol closure is used the enclosing lube, either paper or metal, is telescoped over the free end of the strand and the curl- .ing rod and is moved axially into position telescoping the hair and the closure. The operator releases his holding of the spring band which permits the same to release slightly and expand by virtue of its resiliency into tight frictional engagement with lie mo em it is closed about the strand as sug ested and the tube is forced endwise along t e tapered band. This causes a wedging fit between the cap and the tube end telescopin the same.

When it is desired to remove the tube it may be drawn lon 'tudinally oil the hair in case a metal to e is used. In case a paper tube is used it is a conventional practice to cut or clip the end of the tube which encircles the closure. This cutting permits the resiliency ot' the closure when such is used to act on the cut tube and to tear thesamc apart thus permitting the closure to clear and spring out of the tube. The fingers projecting from thehinged form of closure permits the operator toforce theparts apart manually and thus tear the tube. The tube and the protecting pad are with '(llzlWll in case they become stuck in position and the hair in its tendency to uncurl releeses'the curling rod. In this wayall parts are loosened and can be readily and quickly demounted.

The closure can be usedrepeatedly until it either loses its resiliency or otherwise becomes damaged. However, it is within the scope ofthis disclosure to make the caps of some non-resilient material such as a pressed fibre to depend either upon the \vedging action herein suggestedor upon simply a frictional fit in the tube to retain it in place in those cases Where the band was strictly of cylindrical form. i

By the use of closures of the type thus described it possible to eliminate the cumbersome lying operation which at present takes up so much time in practicing the art of pcru'iancut hair Waving. As the closures are toi-uu-cl of cheap, metal stamping-s it is found to be chcapfr to use these stampings than to pay the labor costs required in the tying operation. The closure effectively seals the cm] of the tube; defeats any tendency of the enclosed steam or gases to leak therefrom onto the persons scalp and acts as a heat conductor to convey heat close to,

the root of the hair strand.

While l have shown and described, and have pointed out in the annexed claims, certain novel Features of my invention, it will he uiulerstood that various omissions, substitutions and changes in the form and details of the device illustrated and in its operation may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention.

Having thus described my invention, '1 claim: l, A derivi- {or enclosing-a coil of hair in the practicing of permanenthair waving, comprising a tube for containing coil and adapted to have a heater inserted en the same, and a closure having frictionally' telescopic fit with oneend of? the tube engaging the inner Wall of the tube. at said end.

2. A device for enclosing a coil of hair in the practicing of permanent hair waving,

' coni .risin" a tube for containin the coil N and a closure having a i'rictionally telescopic fit- With one end of the tube engaging the face thereof and provided with an aperture for permitting the hair-to pass'therethrough into the tube.

3. In a device oi the class described, the combination of a tube open at opposite ends and having a smooth cylindrical outcrsirle adapted to be inse ted in a heater. crap for closing one of said ends While permitting the other end to remain open directly to the external atmosphere, said cap pro ed vi'th an aperture for pern'iitting a stranu of hair to pass thcrethrough into the tube, and said cap provided. with means for securin the cap in direct frictional engagement with the, tube.

l. In a device of the class described, the combination of a hair enclosing tube u re silient closure telescopically fittin one end of the tube and-held by virtue oi: resiliency in frictional engagement with the tube.

5. In a device of the class described, the con'ibination of a hair enclosing tube, a closure for the tube insertable into one end thereof and including a resilient split ring with the free ends normally displaced from a circle forming position and held in an abnormal circle forming pus .aion by the circling tube whereby he closure is held t'ictionally in the tube by; the resiliency of sa split ring.

6. In a device of thedcscribi l, combination of a tube adapted to contain a strand of hair' coiled on a rod, a of spring jaws adapted to A cla pthe hair 5 strand to the curling rod, and. said is fashioned to lit in the tube and to be held thereby in their hair clamping position.

7. In a device of the class described, the combination of a tube adapted to contain :r strand of hair, a closure for said tube having an expansibleside adapted to engage the tube to hold the closure to the tube and said.

closure provided with means for securing ,L

ill

10. A closure for a tube comprisin a pair or plates extending in parallel relation and inovabl orelative to each other in mutually overlapping relation and a-single, split reeilient band. extending perpendicular to the plane of the plates and connected at one edge to edge portions of both plates.

11. A ()DQPPIQCB metallic closure for a tube.

comprising a portion adapted to be sprung from its normal shape to place the same under tension, and an end portion comprising two plates extending integrally from dillerout parts of one edge of said portion.

12. A closure for on'c end of a hair containing tube, comprising a one-piece sheet metal hollow open endcup with the side and bottom portions split to form two parts movable relative to each other and said parts integrally connected by the side portion.

13. In a device of the class described, the ombination of a pair of substantially semicircular plates disposed substantially in the same plane to form a substantially circular closure. the straight edges of each plate provided with a recess and said recesses coacting to proi'ide an aperture extending through the closure and a split band intogrally connected to the curved edges of said plates.

14. In a device of the class described, the combination of a pair of plates resiliently connected to form a pair of spring jaws adapted to secure a strand of hair to a curling rod and an encircling member for holding the jaws in clutching position against their tendency to spring apart.

1."). A combined tube closure and hair clamp comprising a pair of plates resiliently connected to 'foim a hair clamp and coacting when collapsed into clamping position to forma closing member adapted to fit into a tube to close the same, and said plates in their tendenc to expand relative to each other adapte to engage against the inner side oi the tube whereby the closure is held in its clamping position by the tube;

16. A closure for the end of a hair c0ntaining tube, comprising a metal cup having an aperture in the bottom thereof adapted to have a strand of hair passed therethrough and a pad of absorbent material positioned panacea inthe cup and tending to prevent leakage from the hair through said aperture. 17. In a device of the class described, the combination with a strand of hair Wrapped on a curling rod, a piece of absorbent material atone end of the strand, a cup telescoping said end and a tube containing the wrapped hair and telescoping the cup.

18. In a device of the class described, the combination of a hair containing tube free of external projections and fashloned to fit in a heater, a closure therefor comprising two parts connected and relatively movable, having a tight fit in the tube and having'nn aperture adapted to have the hair extend t herethrough.

19. In a device of the class described the combination of a hair containing tube free of external projections and fashioned to fit in a heater, a closure therefor comprising two connected and relatively movable parts, having a tight fit in the tube and having an aperture adapted to have the hair extend therethrough and rovided with finger pieces for moving t e parts to and from open and closed positions.

20. In a device of the class described, the combination of a. hair containing tube, a closure for the same provided with a frustotropical side having a wedging lit in said tu e.

21. A closure for the end of a hair con- I taining tube comprisin a frusto conical band comprising a pair 0 connected sections and each sectionprovided with a recess, said recesses coacting with each other to form an aperture for receiving a strand of hair.

22. A closure for the end of a hair containing tube comprising a band including a pair of connected sections and each section including a curved side member adapted to engage inside the tube and an end plate provided with a. recess, said recesses coacting with each other to form an aperture for receivinga strand of hair, and said aperture outlined by a serrated edge.

Signed, at New York city in the county of New York and State of New York this 15th day of October, A. D. 1923.

ERNEST G. UNGER. 

